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In this article, we’ve rounded up some of the most significant predictions on what life sciences could look like by 2050, with insights presented by futurologists and life science experts.
As we celebrate PharmiWeb turning 25, we’ve been reflecting on just how much the life science industry has transformed over the past quarter century, and imagining what it will look like in another 25 years’ time. In this article, we’ve rounded up some of the most significant predictions on what life sciences could look like by 2050, with insights presented by futurologists and life science experts.  Read the full article on PharmiWeb.Jobs.

The preparation of microspheres by spray drying method is a method of spraying the liquid raw excipients into the hot drying medium to convert the raw excipients into dry powder in the spray dryer.
Microsphere Preparation Steps The preparation of microspheres by spray drying method is a method of spraying the liquid raw excipients into the hot drying medium to convert the raw excipients into dry powder in the spray dryer. The specific preparation process can be divided into three steps: the atomizer atomizes the original excipient solution into small droplets; the drying gas cures and dries the small droplets; and the dry particles are separated from the drying medium. Advantages of Spray Drying Technology Applicable to a variety of drugs, especially protein and peptide drugs with biol…

CRISPR-Cas9 is a gene editing technology that has changed the landscape of biological research. It stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-Associated Protein 9. CRISPR-Cas9 uses a two-component system consisting of a guide RNA (gRNA) and a Cas9 protein. The gRNA is designed to complement specific target sequences in the genome to guide the Cas9 protein to the desired location. Once the Cas9 protein reaches the target site, it causes a double-strand break in the DNA helix, which initiates a cellular repair process that can lead to gene modification or insertion.  Explore with our CRISPR Screen Sequencing Data Analysis Service and CRISPR Validation Sequencing Data Analysis Service for more information.
What is CRISPR-Cas9? CRISPR-Cas9 is a gene edi…

Nanopore sequencing, a pivotal component of long-read sequencing technology, has emerged as a formidable and promising approach in the realm of genomics and molecular biology. Spearheaded by the Oxford Nanopore Company, this innovative technology bears the potential to revolutionize genomic research and clinical applications.
  Nanopore sequencing, a pivotal component of long-read sequencing technology, has emerged as a formidable and promising approach in the realm of genomics and molecular biology. Spearheaded by the Oxford Nanopore Company, this innovative technology bears the potential to revolutionize genomic research and clinical applications.   The fundamental principle of nanopore sequencing revolves around the passage of individual DNA or RNA molecules through nanometer-s…

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs of about 22 nt in length, with hairpin structures as precursors, which are widely found in animal, plant and viral organisms. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in a wide range of biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, metabolism, tumor and growth development, as well as in response to stress (including drought, high salt and nutrient stress).
What is Degradome Sequencing? MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs of about 22 nt in length, with hairpin structures as precursors, which are widely found in animal, plant and viral organisms. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in a wide range of biological processes, including ce…

A fusion gene is a chimeric gene formed by the fusion of partial sequences of two genes, usually due to chromosomal translocations or deletions. These chimeric genes can form abnormal transcripts or proteins in subsequent biological processes, which can lead to or promote the development of tumors.
What is fusion gene? What is Chimeric RNAs? A fusion gene is a chimeric gene formed by the fusion of partial sequences of two genes, usually due to chromosomal translocations or deletions. These chimeric genes can form abnormal transcripts or proteins in subsequent biological processes, which can lead to or promote the development of tumors.   For example, in chronic granulocytic leukemia, molecular biology is characterized by the detection of a BCR-ABL fusion gene; this fusion gene translat…

Experimental design plays a crucial role in various research areas, providing a systematic framework for conducting experiments and obtaining reliable and interpretable results. Experimental design is critical, especially when trying to avoid attrition bias.
Experimental design plays a crucial role in various research areas, providing a systematic framework for conducting experiments and obtaining reliable and interpretable results. Experimental design is critical, especially when trying to avoid attrition bias.   Components of Experimental Design Within the realm of scientific inquiry, the formulation of a rigorous experimental design necessitates a profound comprehension of its intricate components and their interrelationships. To embark upon such a design, the foremost task ent…

AI in drug discovery has revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry by accelerating the process of drug development, making it more efficient and cost-effective. It combines advanced algorithms, machine learning, and big data analysis to expedite the identification of potential drug candidates and optimize their properties.
One significant area where AI shines is in predicting molecular properties and interactions. Machine learning models can analyze vast datasets of molecular structures, biological data, and chemical properties to predict how a compound might interact with specific targets in the body. This predictive power expedites the identification of potential drug candidates, saving considerable time and resources in the initial stages of drug discovery. Additionally, AI enables the…

Cytokines are small molecular peptides or glycoproteins synthesized and secreted by a variety of tissue cells, mainly immune cells. Cytokines mediate cellular interactions and have a variety of biological functions that can be involved in immune diseases, inflammation, and infectious diseases. Some cytokines play a positive role in metabolic activities, while others have negative metabolic effects related to the induction of metabolic dysfunction.
Cytokines are small molecular peptides or glycoproteins synthesized and secreted by a variety of tissue cells, mainly immune cells. Cytokines mediate cellular interactions and have a variety of biological functions that can be involved in immune diseases, inflammation, and infectious diseases. Some cytokines play a positive role in metabolic activ…

The application of HPLC in the field of anti-counterfeiting drugs has developed rapidly. Counterfeit drugs and inferior drugs are one of the important issues that plague the development of global drugs, and they have been taken seriously by governments of various countries. About 6% of drugs in global drug sales are counterfeit and inferior products. HPLC is one of the most effective testing instruments for the crackdown on counterfeit and inferior drugs.
In recent years, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been used more and more widely in conventional drug analysis and detection. The 1975 edition of the "United States Pharmacopeia" (19th edition) included HPLC as a standard analysis method for the first time, and there were only 6 varieties at that time. By the 20t…

Some carotenoids have shorter (C30) or longer (C45 or C50) side carbon chains and are usually divided into two classes: xanthophylls and carotenes. In nature, more than 1100 carotenoids have been found, the common ones are lycopene, a-carotene, β-carotene, astaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin and violet xanthin. 
Carotenoids are lipophilic natural pigments synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms and some non-photosynthetic prokaryotes and fungi. Typical carotenoids are C40 mushroom compounds and their derivatives consisting of eight isoprene units linked end to end. Some carotenoids have shorter (C30) or longer (C45 or C50) side carbon chains and are usually divided into two classes: xanthophylls and carotenes. In nature, more than 1100 carotenoids have been found, the co…

Anthocyanin is one of the important pigments that determine the color of flowers, fruits and seed coats of angiosperms. It is found in the vesicles of plant epidermal cells and appears orange, red to blue. Anthocyanins also play an important role in plant resistance to stress.
Structure and classification of anthocyanins The basic structure of anthocyanins is an α-phenylchroman cation with a basic C6 (A ring)-C3 (C ring)-C6 (B ring) carbon skeleton structure. Due to the methylation and hydroxylation modifications occurring at different positions on the ring, mainly for the different groups at the R1 and R2 positions on the B ring, different anthocyanin species are formed. There are at least 650 anthocyanins identified in nature. Despite the increasing number of anthocyanin structures, they…

Auxin is the most important class of hormones in plants, and its asymmetric distribution pattern in plants regulates the developmental processes of plant cells and tissues, including cell division, cell elongation, landwardness, apical dominance, plant flowering and leaf order development, primary root development and lateral root genesis, senescence, and various stress responses.
Auxin is the most important class of hormones in plants, and its asymmetric distribution pattern in plants regulates the developmental processes of plant cells and tissues, including cell division, cell elongation, landwardness, apical dominance, plant flowering and leaf order development, primary root development and lateral root genesis, senescence, and various stress responses.   The endogenous growth…

In the realm of biochemistry, one enzyme that has shown significant medical implications is proline dipeptidase, also known as prolidase. At Creative Enzymes, we have successfully isolated this enzyme from its biological host, pig (porcine tissue), and have cataloged it as Native Porcine Prolidase.
In the realm of biochemistry, one enzyme that has shown significant medical implications is proline dipeptidase, also known as prolidase. At Creative Enzymes, we have successfully isolated this enzyme from its biological host, pig (porcine tissue), and have cataloged it as Native Porcine Prolidase.   Native Porcine Prolidase, also called peptidase D, is an enzyme catalyzing the splitting of dipeptides with a proline or hydroxyproline residue in the C-terminal position. In other words, this e…

The world of pharmaceutical and biological research increasingly relies on novel technologies and compounds. One such compound that has elicited commendable scientific curiosity is DSPE-PEG-Maleimide. Enabled by the cutting-edge capabilities of our laboratories at Creative Enzymes, we are delighted to reveal intriguing aspects of this fascinating molecule in this article.
The world of pharmaceutical and biological research increasingly relies on novel technologies and compounds. One such compound that has elicited commendable scientific curiosity is DSPE-PEG-Maleimide. Enabled by the cutting-edge capabilities of our laboratories at Creative Enzymes, we are delighted to reveal intriguing aspects of this fascinating molecule in this article.   DSPE-PEG-Maleimide, scientifically called 1,…

Due to the complex pharmacological effects of hormones, improper application will cause various adverse reactions. In principle, a small dose and short course of medication should be selected.
Hormones are chemical substances produced by one cell, gland, or organ that affect the activities of other cells in the body. The active ingredients of hormonal drugs include natural hormones, as well as organic substances with the same structure and action principle as hormones, which can be divided into glucocorticoids, adrenocortical hormones, norepinephrine hormones, progesterone, estrogen, androgen, etc. Hormonal drugs are used to treat many diseases, especially in anti-allergy, anti-infection, anti-shock and immunosuppression. The Main Effects of Hormones Promote or Inhibit Biological Grow…

Carbon nanotube dispersion has shown tremendous potential in biomedical applications. One of the main areas where carbon nanotubes can be utilized is in drug delivery systems.
Carbon nanotube dispersion has revolutionized various fields of science, including chemistry and materials science, due to their extraordinary mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, their practical applications are often hindered by their tendency to form agglomerates, making homogeneous dispersion a critical challenge. What are the Dispersion Techniques of Carbon Nanotubes? 1. Surfactant-Assisted Dispersion Techniques: Surfactants are widely used to enhance the dispersion of CNTs in various solvents. They reduce surface tension, resulting in the separation of individual nanotubes or small bun…

Among silicone polymers, polysiloxanes with Si-O bonds have attracted growing interest in the past and present decades and extensively studied for multiple applications in materials science, ranging from sprayable superhydrophobic coating and pressure sensor to skin care.
Introduction Silicone polymers are organic polymers containing silicon atoms that is an important part of polymer chemistry. The main chain of silicone polymers is composed of Si-O bonds, Si-N bonds or Si-B bonds, while the side chain is composed of silicon atoms connect with other organic groups. Among silicone polymers, polysiloxanes with Si-O bonds have attracted growing interest in the past and present decades and extensively studied for multiple applications in materials science, ranging from sprayable superhydrophobi…

Epalrestat is a carboxylic acid derivative and a noncompetitive and reversible aldose reductase inhibitor used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which is one of the most common long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Introduction Epalrestat is a carboxylic acid derivative and a noncompetitive and reversible aldose reductase inhibitor used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which is one of the most common long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. The structure of epalrestat is showed in Figure 1. Fig. 1 Structure of epalrestat Function of epalrestat in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy Introduction of diabetic neuropathy Diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage that is caused by diabetes. Over time, high blood glucose levels, also called…

The synthesis of pheromones is a complex process that requires a deep understanding of organic chemistry. Traditional methods of pheromone synthesis have been tedious, expensive, and time-consuming. However, the advent of pheromone solid-phase synthesis has revolutionized the pheromone synthesis industry.
Introduction of Pheromone Solid-phase Synthesis Pheromones are a fascinating class of molecules that are used by many organisms, including insects and mammals, to communicate with one another. They are chemical signals that convey information about an individual's identity, reproductive status, and location, among other things. The synthesis of pheromones is a complex process that requires a deep understanding of organic chemistry. Traditional methods of pheromone synthesis have been ted…