Research and development - Articles
Pharmaceutical excipients play a crucial role in the formulation and production of drugs, supporting their stability, efficacy, and palatability.
Pharmaceutical excipients play a crucial role in the formulation and production of drugs, supporting their stability, efficacy, and palatability. Among the numerous excipients used in pharmaceutical preparations, preservatives, stabilizers, suspending agents, thickener excipients, and flavoring agents are commonly observed. Understanding their functions and characteristics is essential for pharmaceutical scientists and formulators. In this article, we will delve into each of these excipients to gain a comprehensive understanding of their roles in drug formulation. Preservatives Preservatives are vital components in pharmaceutical formulations as t…
Pharmaceutical excipients play a crucial role in the formulation and production of drugs, supporting their stability, efficacy, and palatability. Among the numerous excipients used in pharmaceutical preparations, preservatives, stabilizers, suspending agents, thickener excipients, and flavoring agents are commonly observed. Understanding their functions and characteristics is essential for pharmaceutical scientists and formulators. In this article, we will delve into each of these excipients to gain a comprehensive understanding of their roles in drug formulation. Preservatives Preservatives are vital components in pharmaceutical formulations as t…
The preparation of microspheres by spray drying method is a method of spraying the liquid raw excipients into the hot drying medium to convert the raw excipients into dry powder in the spray dryer.
Microsphere Preparation Steps The preparation of microspheres by spray drying method is a method of spraying the liquid raw excipients into the hot drying medium to convert the raw excipients into dry powder in the spray dryer. The specific preparation process can be divided into three steps: the atomizer atomizes the original excipient solution into small droplets; the drying gas cures and dries the small droplets; and the dry particles are separated from the drying medium. Advantages of Spray Drying Technology Applicable to a variety of drugs, especially protein and peptide drugs with biol…
Microsphere Preparation Steps The preparation of microspheres by spray drying method is a method of spraying the liquid raw excipients into the hot drying medium to convert the raw excipients into dry powder in the spray dryer. The specific preparation process can be divided into three steps: the atomizer atomizes the original excipient solution into small droplets; the drying gas cures and dries the small droplets; and the dry particles are separated from the drying medium. Advantages of Spray Drying Technology Applicable to a variety of drugs, especially protein and peptide drugs with biol…
AI in drug discovery has revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry by accelerating the process of drug development, making it more efficient and cost-effective. It combines advanced algorithms, machine learning, and big data analysis to expedite the identification of potential drug candidates and optimize their properties.
One significant area where AI shines is in predicting molecular properties and interactions. Machine learning models can analyze vast datasets of molecular structures, biological data, and chemical properties to predict how a compound might interact with specific targets in the body. This predictive power expedites the identification of potential drug candidates, saving considerable time and resources in the initial stages of drug discovery. Additionally, AI enables the…
One significant area where AI shines is in predicting molecular properties and interactions. Machine learning models can analyze vast datasets of molecular structures, biological data, and chemical properties to predict how a compound might interact with specific targets in the body. This predictive power expedites the identification of potential drug candidates, saving considerable time and resources in the initial stages of drug discovery. Additionally, AI enables the…
26-Jan-2024
Due to the complex pharmacological effects of hormones, improper application will cause various adverse reactions. In principle, a small dose and short course of medication should be selected.
Hormones are chemical substances produced by one cell, gland, or organ that affect the activities of other cells in the body. The active ingredients of hormonal drugs include natural hormones, as well as organic substances with the same structure and action principle as hormones, which can be divided into glucocorticoids, adrenocortical hormones, norepinephrine hormones, progesterone, estrogen, androgen, etc. Hormonal drugs are used to treat many diseases, especially in anti-allergy, anti-infection, anti-shock and immunosuppression. The Main Effects of Hormones Promote or Inhibit Biological Grow…
Hormones are chemical substances produced by one cell, gland, or organ that affect the activities of other cells in the body. The active ingredients of hormonal drugs include natural hormones, as well as organic substances with the same structure and action principle as hormones, which can be divided into glucocorticoids, adrenocortical hormones, norepinephrine hormones, progesterone, estrogen, androgen, etc. Hormonal drugs are used to treat many diseases, especially in anti-allergy, anti-infection, anti-shock and immunosuppression. The Main Effects of Hormones Promote or Inhibit Biological Grow…
Carbon nanotube dispersion has shown tremendous potential in biomedical applications. One of the main areas where carbon nanotubes can be utilized is in drug delivery systems.
Carbon nanotube dispersion has revolutionized various fields of science, including chemistry and materials science, due to their extraordinary mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, their practical applications are often hindered by their tendency to form agglomerates, making homogeneous dispersion a critical challenge. What are the Dispersion Techniques of Carbon Nanotubes? 1. Surfactant-Assisted Dispersion Techniques: Surfactants are widely used to enhance the dispersion of CNTs in various solvents. They reduce surface tension, resulting in the separation of individual nanotubes or small bun…
Carbon nanotube dispersion has revolutionized various fields of science, including chemistry and materials science, due to their extraordinary mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, their practical applications are often hindered by their tendency to form agglomerates, making homogeneous dispersion a critical challenge. What are the Dispersion Techniques of Carbon Nanotubes? 1. Surfactant-Assisted Dispersion Techniques: Surfactants are widely used to enhance the dispersion of CNTs in various solvents. They reduce surface tension, resulting in the separation of individual nanotubes or small bun…
26-Jan-2024
Among silicone polymers, polysiloxanes with Si-O bonds have attracted growing interest in the past and present decades and extensively studied for multiple applications in materials science, ranging from sprayable superhydrophobic coating and pressure sensor to skin care.
Introduction Silicone polymers are organic polymers containing silicon atoms that is an important part of polymer chemistry. The main chain of silicone polymers is composed of Si-O bonds, Si-N bonds or Si-B bonds, while the side chain is composed of silicon atoms connect with other organic groups. Among silicone polymers, polysiloxanes with Si-O bonds have attracted growing interest in the past and present decades and extensively studied for multiple applications in materials science, ranging from sprayable superhydrophobi…
Introduction Silicone polymers are organic polymers containing silicon atoms that is an important part of polymer chemistry. The main chain of silicone polymers is composed of Si-O bonds, Si-N bonds or Si-B bonds, while the side chain is composed of silicon atoms connect with other organic groups. Among silicone polymers, polysiloxanes with Si-O bonds have attracted growing interest in the past and present decades and extensively studied for multiple applications in materials science, ranging from sprayable superhydrophobi…
Epalrestat is a carboxylic acid derivative and a noncompetitive and reversible aldose reductase inhibitor used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which is one of the most common long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Introduction Epalrestat is a carboxylic acid derivative and a noncompetitive and reversible aldose reductase inhibitor used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which is one of the most common long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. The structure of epalrestat is showed in Figure 1. Fig. 1 Structure of epalrestat Function of epalrestat in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy Introduction of diabetic neuropathy Diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage that is caused by diabetes. Over time, high blood glucose levels, also called…
Introduction Epalrestat is a carboxylic acid derivative and a noncompetitive and reversible aldose reductase inhibitor used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which is one of the most common long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. The structure of epalrestat is showed in Figure 1. Fig. 1 Structure of epalrestat Function of epalrestat in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy Introduction of diabetic neuropathy Diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage that is caused by diabetes. Over time, high blood glucose levels, also called…
The synthesis of pheromones is a complex process that requires a deep understanding of organic chemistry. Traditional methods of pheromone synthesis have been tedious, expensive, and time-consuming. However, the advent of pheromone solid-phase synthesis has revolutionized the pheromone synthesis industry.
Introduction of Pheromone Solid-phase Synthesis Pheromones are a fascinating class of molecules that are used by many organisms, including insects and mammals, to communicate with one another. They are chemical signals that convey information about an individual's identity, reproductive status, and location, among other things. The synthesis of pheromones is a complex process that requires a deep understanding of organic chemistry. Traditional methods of pheromone synthesis have been ted…
Introduction of Pheromone Solid-phase Synthesis Pheromones are a fascinating class of molecules that are used by many organisms, including insects and mammals, to communicate with one another. They are chemical signals that convey information about an individual's identity, reproductive status, and location, among other things. The synthesis of pheromones is a complex process that requires a deep understanding of organic chemistry. Traditional methods of pheromone synthesis have been ted…
The trace element zinc is critical to many biological processes. Zinc gluconate is a dietary supplement for the purpose of providing zinc.
Introduction Zinc gluconate is a white to almost white solid that is soluble in water, practically insoluble in anhydrous ethanol and methylene chloride. It is a popular form for the delivery of zinc as a dietary supplement providing 14.35% elemental zinc by weight. It is also used to treat the common cold. The structure is shown in fig. 1. Fig. 1 Structure of zinc gluconate Application as a dietary supplement The trace element zinc is critical to many biological processes. Zinc gluconate is a dietary supplement for the purpose of providing zinc. It mainly has the following functions. Maintaining appetite Zinc deficiency leads to taste decline, anore…
Introduction Zinc gluconate is a white to almost white solid that is soluble in water, practically insoluble in anhydrous ethanol and methylene chloride. It is a popular form for the delivery of zinc as a dietary supplement providing 14.35% elemental zinc by weight. It is also used to treat the common cold. The structure is shown in fig. 1. Fig. 1 Structure of zinc gluconate Application as a dietary supplement The trace element zinc is critical to many biological processes. Zinc gluconate is a dietary supplement for the purpose of providing zinc. It mainly has the following functions. Maintaining appetite Zinc deficiency leads to taste decline, anore…
22-Dec-2023
Over the years, several innovative drug delivery systems have been developed to improve drug efficacy and patient outcomes.
In the field of medicine, effectively delivering drugs to the target site in the body is crucial for successful treatment. Over the years, several innovative drug delivery systems have been developed to improve drug efficacy and patient outcomes. In this article, we will discuss four novel drug delivery systems that have shown promising results in recent research. These systems include Microneedle Technology, Transdermal Patches Drug Delivery System, Nanoparticle Development Services for Drug Delivery Systems, and CAR-T/CAR-NK Cells Development for Drug Delivery Systems. Microneedle Technology Microneedle technology offers a minimally invasive approach to drug del…
In the field of medicine, effectively delivering drugs to the target site in the body is crucial for successful treatment. Over the years, several innovative drug delivery systems have been developed to improve drug efficacy and patient outcomes. In this article, we will discuss four novel drug delivery systems that have shown promising results in recent research. These systems include Microneedle Technology, Transdermal Patches Drug Delivery System, Nanoparticle Development Services for Drug Delivery Systems, and CAR-T/CAR-NK Cells Development for Drug Delivery Systems. Microneedle Technology Microneedle technology offers a minimally invasive approach to drug del…
Microspheres are microscopic spherical particles with applications in various fields, including drug delivery, diagnostics, and materials science.
Microspheres are microscopic spherical particles with applications in various fields, including drug delivery, diagnostics, and materials science. One of the key challenges in their preparation is the control over size and shape. Traditional methods often lack precision, making it difficult to achieve the desired characteristics. This is where microfluidic technology comes into play. In this article, we will explore the advantages of microfluidics and how it allows for the regulation of microsphere size and shape. Microfluidics is a field of science and technology that deals with the behavior and control of fluids in microscale channels…
Microspheres are microscopic spherical particles with applications in various fields, including drug delivery, diagnostics, and materials science. One of the key challenges in their preparation is the control over size and shape. Traditional methods often lack precision, making it difficult to achieve the desired characteristics. This is where microfluidic technology comes into play. In this article, we will explore the advantages of microfluidics and how it allows for the regulation of microsphere size and shape. Microfluidics is a field of science and technology that deals with the behavior and control of fluids in microscale channels…
The application fields of flame retardants are widely distributed in construction, electronics, automobiles, textiles and various consumer goods.
Flame Retardant Chemicals Market With the growing emphasis on safety regulations and increasing concern for fire hazards across various industries, the flame-retardant chemicals market has witnessed significant growth in recent years. According to relevant flame-retardant market analysis reports, the global flame-retardant market will be worth up to US$9.13 billion in 2023. The application fields of flame retardants are widely distributed in construction, electronics, automobiles, textiles and various consumer goods. Important market trends: In terms of flame-retardant products, non-halogenated flame retardants held the largest revenue share at 6…
Flame Retardant Chemicals Market With the growing emphasis on safety regulations and increasing concern for fire hazards across various industries, the flame-retardant chemicals market has witnessed significant growth in recent years. According to relevant flame-retardant market analysis reports, the global flame-retardant market will be worth up to US$9.13 billion in 2023. The application fields of flame retardants are widely distributed in construction, electronics, automobiles, textiles and various consumer goods. Important market trends: In terms of flame-retardant products, non-halogenated flame retardants held the largest revenue share at 6…
GPC3, with its full name Glypican-3, is a member of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan family and is connected to the cell surface through the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor on the cell membrane. The GPC3 gene was first detected in a rat epithelial cell line in 1988. In the human body, the GPC3 protein expressed by the GPC3 gene is significantly different in different developmental stages and different tissues, such as low expression or no expression in gastric cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer and other cancers, but often in hepatocellular carcinoma is overexpressed.
The Structure of GPC3 GPC3, or Glypican-3, is an oncofetal glycoprotein tethered to the cell membrane via a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor[1-2]. Its core protein comprises 580 amino acids and weighs in at 70 k…
The Structure of GPC3 GPC3, or Glypican-3, is an oncofetal glycoprotein tethered to the cell membrane via a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor[1-2]. Its core protein comprises 580 amino acids and weighs in at 70 k…
Unlock the power of digital twins in healthcare with Healthcare IT Consulting Services. Optimize integration for improved diagnostics and personalized patient care.
The healthcare industry has witnessed a transformative wave of technological advancements in recent years. And one such technological advancement that has taken the medical world to greater heights is the integration of digital twins. Originally popularized in manufacturing and industrial sectors, digital twins have now found their way into healthcare, offering unprecedented opportunities for personalized medicine, improved diagnostics, efficient drug discovery, and enhanced patient outcomes. According to MarketsandMarkets research, the global digital twins in the healthcare market are rapidly growing and poised to be worth $1.6…
The healthcare industry has witnessed a transformative wave of technological advancements in recent years. And one such technological advancement that has taken the medical world to greater heights is the integration of digital twins. Originally popularized in manufacturing and industrial sectors, digital twins have now found their way into healthcare, offering unprecedented opportunities for personalized medicine, improved diagnostics, efficient drug discovery, and enhanced patient outcomes. According to MarketsandMarkets research, the global digital twins in the healthcare market are rapidly growing and poised to be worth $1.6…
05-Dec-2023
In order to fully understand the catalytic activity of enzymes, researchers have conducted a wide range of MD simulation studies on several types of enzyme catalytic processes and discussed the whole process in detail.
Enzyme catalysis includes complex processes such as the transport of substrates to the active area, selective catalysis of chemical reactions, and product release. Any chemical or non-chemical process may be a crucial step in determining enzyme activity due to the complex environmental effects of proteins. Molecular dynamics (MD) method is a motion equations of the multi-particle system developed based on Newtonian classical mechanics. MD simulates the microscopic process of the system over time to obtain the particle phase trajectory of the system, and studies the equi…
Enzyme catalysis includes complex processes such as the transport of substrates to the active area, selective catalysis of chemical reactions, and product release. Any chemical or non-chemical process may be a crucial step in determining enzyme activity due to the complex environmental effects of proteins. Molecular dynamics (MD) method is a motion equations of the multi-particle system developed based on Newtonian classical mechanics. MD simulates the microscopic process of the system over time to obtain the particle phase trajectory of the system, and studies the equi…
Choosing the right eClinical vendor is the cornerstone of successful trials. An inadequate choice can lead to a cascade of challenges, from data inaccuracies to operational inefficiencies.
Choosing the right eClinical platform vendor is the cornerstone of successful trials. An inadequate choice can lead to a cascade of challenges, from data inaccuracies to operational inefficiencies. In this complex landscape, Clinion isn’t just a platform — it’s a seasoned guide adeptly navigating clinical trials with transparency, precision, and an innate understanding of the challenges. Now, let’s break down the core reasons why Clinion is the linchpin for your clinical trial success. Reason 1: User-Centric All the Way Clinion’s platform is designed with you in mind. From trial inception to completion…
Choosing the right eClinical platform vendor is the cornerstone of successful trials. An inadequate choice can lead to a cascade of challenges, from data inaccuracies to operational inefficiencies. In this complex landscape, Clinion isn’t just a platform — it’s a seasoned guide adeptly navigating clinical trials with transparency, precision, and an innate understanding of the challenges. Now, let’s break down the core reasons why Clinion is the linchpin for your clinical trial success. Reason 1: User-Centric All the Way Clinion’s platform is designed with you in mind. From trial inception to completion…
Vulcanization accelerators act as special compounds that minimize the degradation of rubber and speed up the vulcanization process.
Why should vulcanization accelerators be used? After more than 100 years of development, the world rubber industry has become an important traditional industry in many developed countries. However, rubber products cannot withstand extreme high and low temperatures, which causes them to become fragile and susceptible to degradation during seasonal changes. American inventors discovered that removing sulfur from rubber and then heating it would allow the rubber to retain its elasticity and harden. This process is known as vulcanization. Vulcanization accelerators act as special compounds that minimize the degradation of rubber and speed up the vulcaniza…
Why should vulcanization accelerators be used? After more than 100 years of development, the world rubber industry has become an important traditional industry in many developed countries. However, rubber products cannot withstand extreme high and low temperatures, which causes them to become fragile and susceptible to degradation during seasonal changes. American inventors discovered that removing sulfur from rubber and then heating it would allow the rubber to retain its elasticity and harden. This process is known as vulcanization. Vulcanization accelerators act as special compounds that minimize the degradation of rubber and speed up the vulcaniza…
27-Nov-2023
The far-infrared rays released by graphene can enhance human immunity and allow the body to enhance its self-healing function, promote endocrine stability and reduce the risk of various diseases invading the body.
Graphene first appeared in the laboratory in 2004. At that time, two British scientists, Andre Geim and Prof Kostya Novoselov, discovered that they could get thinner and thinner graphite flakes in a very simple way. They peeled the graphite flakes from the graphite, and then glued the two sides of the flakes to a special tape. When the tape was peeled off, the graphite flakes were divided in two. Keep doing this, the sheets get thinner and thinner, and in the end, they get a sheet made of just one layer of carbon atoms, which is graphene. The two scientists won the Nobel Prize in…
Graphene first appeared in the laboratory in 2004. At that time, two British scientists, Andre Geim and Prof Kostya Novoselov, discovered that they could get thinner and thinner graphite flakes in a very simple way. They peeled the graphite flakes from the graphite, and then glued the two sides of the flakes to a special tape. When the tape was peeled off, the graphite flakes were divided in two. Keep doing this, the sheets get thinner and thinner, and in the end, they get a sheet made of just one layer of carbon atoms, which is graphene. The two scientists won the Nobel Prize in…
The toxicity of chemical substances that may cause cancer can be divided into three levels: genotoxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Most carcinogens and mutagens are genotoxic, but not all genotoxic impurities are mutagenic or carcinogenic.
Genotoxic impurities (GTI) refer to compounds that can directly or indirectly damage cellular DNA, produce gene mutation or in vivo mutagenesis, and have the possibility or tendency to cause cancer. The fundamental purpose of studying genotoxic impurities is to control and reduce the risk that they may cause cancer in humans. Carcinogens can be divided into genotoxic carcinogens and non-genotoxic carcinogens according to their mechanism of action. Most of the carcinogens encountered in drug development and production are genotoxic…
Genotoxic impurities (GTI) refer to compounds that can directly or indirectly damage cellular DNA, produce gene mutation or in vivo mutagenesis, and have the possibility or tendency to cause cancer. The fundamental purpose of studying genotoxic impurities is to control and reduce the risk that they may cause cancer in humans. Carcinogens can be divided into genotoxic carcinogens and non-genotoxic carcinogens according to their mechanism of action. Most of the carcinogens encountered in drug development and production are genotoxic…
Anisole is used in organic synthesis, and is also used as a solvent, spice and insect repellent. It can also be used as a solvent for recrystallization, thermostat filler, a refractive index meter, a spice, and an organic synthesis intermediate.
What are Anisole and Its Chemical Property? Benzyl ether, also known as anisole, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C7H8O. It has a pleasant fennel like aroma and is used in organic synthesis, as well as solvent, fragrance, and insect repellent. When anisole and a base are heated together, the ether bond is easily broken. When heated to 130°C with hydrogen iodide, it decomposes to generate methyl iodide and phenol. When heated with aluminum trichloride and aluminum tribromide, it decomposes into halomethane and phenoxide. Heated to 380…
What are Anisole and Its Chemical Property? Benzyl ether, also known as anisole, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C7H8O. It has a pleasant fennel like aroma and is used in organic synthesis, as well as solvent, fragrance, and insect repellent. When anisole and a base are heated together, the ether bond is easily broken. When heated to 130°C with hydrogen iodide, it decomposes to generate methyl iodide and phenol. When heated with aluminum trichloride and aluminum tribromide, it decomposes into halomethane and phenoxide. Heated to 380…
